Submissions

Author Guidelines

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1. Title of The Article
2. Abstract. No more than 250 words, summarising the problem being considered, how the study was performed. Please define abstract in two version languages (Bahasa and English).
3. Key words. No more than 5. These should be given beneath the Abstract and in the box provided in the online submission process.
4. Introduction. No more than 4 paragraphs. Without subtitle, state the rationale for the study some references, state the novelties and main problem. Brief description of the background that led to the study (current results and conclusions should not be included).
5. Subtitles in keeping with needs
6. Conclusion
7. Acknowledgments and affiliations. Individuals with direct involvement in the study but not included in authorship may be acknowledged. The source of financial support and industry affiliations of all those involved must be stated.
8. References (no limit, but usually below 50). Please see References for further style guidance. Consist of references of minimal 10 years recently and in the form of essay.
9. Figure legends Maximum 6 tables and/or figures. Please see Illustrations and tables for further style guidance.

1. Title of The Article
2. Abstract. No more than 250 words, summarising the problem being considered, how the study was performed. Please define abstract in two version languages (Bahasa and English).
3. Key words. No more than 5. These should be given beneath the Abstract and in the box provided in the online submission process.
4. Introduction. No more than 4 paragraphs. Without subtitle, state the rationale for the study some references, state the novelty and main problem/the report purpose. Brief description of the background that led to the study (current results and conclusions should not be included).
5. Case Illustration
6. Discussion. The nature and findings of the study are placed in context of other relevant published data. Caveats to the study should be discussed. Avoid undue extrapolation from the study topic.
7. Conclusion
8. Acknowledgments and affiliations. Individuals with direct involvement in the study but not included in authorship may be acknowledged. The source of financial support and industry affiliations of all those involved must be stated.
9. References (no limit, but usually below 50). Please see References for further style guidance. Consist of references of minimal 10 years recently and in the form of essay.
10. Figure legends Maximum 6 tables and/or figures. Please see Illustrations and tables for further style guidance.

Case report authorship:

1. The number of authors for a case report should be limited to three to five, who should be the physicians directly involved with the case. Additional contributors to the case should be mentioned in the acknowledgements.
2. The primary (first) author should be the person who made the diagnosis, had direct patient contact, and wrote the largest share of the report. If that person is not interested in publishing, the case can be deferred to a peer who was also directly involved in the care of the patient.
3. The final author should be a senior author, typically an attending physician overseeing the care of the patient described in the case.
4. The second, third and fourth authors can include the student, resident and fellow, attending from any specialty services. All authors should meet the ‘significant author contribution’ requirements mentioned below.
5. ‘Significant author contribution’ requirements should meet all four of the following criteria as described by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) ^[4]:
   • Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
   • Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
   • Final approval of the version to be published; AND
   • Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

• Was the objective of the study sufficiently described?
• Was an appropriate study design used to achieve the objective?
• Was there a satisfactory statement given of source of subjects?
• Was the sample size justified?
• Was a pre-study calculation of required sample size reported?
• Were the measurements likely to be valid and reliable?

• Was a satisfactory response rate achieved?
• In cohort study, how adequate was the follow-up?
• In cohort/case-control study, was a control group appropriate? Should one have been used?
• In case-control, were data collected the same way for cases and controls?
• In cohort, was the exposure/intervention accurately measured?
• In cohort, were relevant outcome measures ignored?

• Was there a statement adequately describing or referencing all statistical procedures used?
• Were the statistical analyses used appropriate?
• Was the presentation of statistical material satisfactory?
• Was the statistical significance assessed?
• Were the confidence intervals given for the main results?
• Was the conclusion drawn from the statistical analysis justified?

• Is the paper of acceptable statistical standard for publication?
• Is the paper could be generalized in a larger population?

• Objective of the trial sufficiently described?
• Satisfactory statement of diagnostic criteria for entry to the trial?
• Satisfactory statement of the source of participants?
• Concurrent (not historical) controls used?
• Interventions well defined?
• Random allocation to intervention used?
• Method of randomisation described?
• Acceptably short delay from allocation to start of intervention?
• Potential degree of blindness used?
• Satisfactory statement of criteria for outcome measures?
• Outcome measures appropriate?
• Pre-study calculation of sample size reported?
• Duration of post-intervention follow up stated?

• Intervention and control groups comparable in relevant measures?
• High proportion of participants followed up?
• High proportion of participants complete intervention?
• Were participants who dropped out from intervention and control groups described adequately?
• Adverse effects of intervention reported?

• All statistical procedures adequately described or referenced?
• Statistical analyses appropriate?
• Prognostic factors adequately considered?
• Presentation of statistical material satisfactory?
• Confidence intervals given for the main results?
• Were side-effects reported?
• Conclusions drawn from the statistical analysis justified?

• Is the paper of acceptable statistical standard for publication?
• If “No” , could it become acceptable with suitable revision?

• When reporting/writing experiments result with certain object (i.e. patient’s names, or institution or others), should never mention about identity or other characteristic that describes that object.
• Study on human subjects and animal research should have ethical clearance from institutional review board (IRB), and a copy of ethical clearance letter should be submitted.

• No full stops in initials or abbreviations.
• Minimal commas, but use commas before the “and” and “or” in lists: The bishops of Durham, Canterbury, Bath and Wells, and York were invited.
• Use commas on both sides of parenthetical clauses or phrases, and with commenting clauses.
• Know the difference between defining clauses (no comma) and commenting clauses (commas needed):

• Use commas before “and,” “or,” “but” in two-sentence sentences (when the coordinate conjunction joins two main clauses):

• Note that when a comma is used, both main clauses must have a subject:

• Minimal hyphenation - use hyphens only for words with non-, -like, -type, and for adjectival phrases that include a preposition (one-off event, run-in trial). Not using hyphens will help you to avoid noun clusters (see Grammar below).
• Quotation marks - please use double, not single, inverted commas for reported speech. Full stops and commas go inside quotation marks: She said, “We will.”
• No exclamation marks, except in quotes from other sources.
• Reference numbers go after commas and full stops, before semicolons and colons.

• Minimal capitalisation. Use capitals only for names and proper nouns. Don’t capitalise names of studies.

• Write in the active and use the first person where necessary. Try to avoid long sentences that have several embedded clauses.
• Sex: avoid “he” as a general pronoun. Make the nouns (and pronouns) plural, then use “they”; if that’s not possible, use “he or she.”.
• Nouns and verbs should agree: The data are; None is...
• Organisations and groups of people take singular verbs: The government is; The team has researched...

• Avoid noun clusters: “Patient in coronary care unit” rather than “coronary care unit patient.”
• Watch out for “danglers” (unattached participles and misrelated clauses):

• Drugs should be referred to by their approved non-proprietary names, and the source of any new or experimental preparations should be given.
• Scientific measurements should be given in SI units, except for blood pressure, which should be expressed in mmHg.
• Numbers under 10 are spelt out, except for measurements with a unit (8 mmol/l) or age (6 weeks old), or when in a list with other numbers (14 dogs, 12 cats, 9 gerbils).
• Raw numbers should be given alongside percentages, and as supporting data for P values.

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